Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The Assyro-Babylonian omen series Enūma Anu Enlil , written on seventy cuneiform tablets, bears witness to the early understanding of the mutual interactions of heaven and earth on both the physical and the religious levels. To facilitate accessibility, technical and linguistic commentaries as well as an excerpt series were compiled by the scholars of old. This ancient knowledge, which was still largely characterized by mythological concepts, was never completely abandoned, not even when the ‘calculating’ astronomy became prevalent in the first millennium B.C. The series deals in four parts with the moon, the sun, weather phenomena, and fixed stars and planets. This book offers an edition of the texts of the second half of the weather section with the accompanying material.

Akkadian language --- Omens --- Portents --- Prodigies (Omens) --- Signs (Omens) --- Superstition --- Signs and symbols

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In Europe as early as the thirteenth century and as late as the sixteenth century, non-human animals including rats, pigs, horses, and dogs were tried for criminal activities. Such trials were not sacrificial in nature; neither were they mock trials for entertainment. Rather, such trials were undertaken with great seriousness with appointed legal counsel for prosecution and defense, at some times before a judge and at other times before a judge and jury. This phenomenon would strike modern sensibilities are being somewhere between eccentric and completely mad, and no one today believes that an

Animals, Prosecution and punishment of -- History. --- Animals--Law and legislation -- Europe -- History. --- Trials -- Europe. --- Trials --- Animals, Prosecution and punishment of --- Animals --- Law - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law - Europe, except U.K. --- Animal kingdom --- Beasts --- Fauna --- Native animals --- Native fauna --- Wild animals --- Wildlife --- Organisms --- Human-animal relationships --- Zoology --- Animal trials and punishment --- Trials of animals --- Pets --- Superstition --- State trials --- Court proceedings --- Procedure (Law) --- History --- Law and legislation --- Social aspects

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Throughout its long history, Japan had no concept of what we call "religion." There was no corresponding Japanese word, nor anything close to its meaning. But when American warships appeared off the coast of Japan in 1853 and forced the Japanese government to sign treaties demanding, among other things, freedom of religion, the country had to contend with this Western idea. In this book, Jason Ananda Josephson reveals how Japanese officials invented religion in Japan and traces the sweeping intellectual, legal, and cultural changes that followed. More than a tale of oppression or hegemony, Josephson's account demonstrates that the process of articulating religion offered the Japanese state a valuable opportunity. In addition to carving out space for belief in Christianity and certain forms of Buddhism, Japanese officials excluded Shinto from the category. Instead, they enshrined it as a national ideology while relegating the popular practices of indigenous shamans and female mediums to the category of "superstitions"-and thus beyond the sphere of tolerance. Josephson argues that the invention of religion in Japan was a politically charged, boundary-drawing exercise that not only extensively reclassified the inherited materials of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Shinto to lasting effect, but also reshaped, in subtle but significant ways, our own formulation of the concept of religion today. This ambitious and wide-ranging book contributes an important perspective to broader debates on the nature of religion, the secular, science, and superstition.

Religion and state --- History --- Japan --- Religion --- J1719 --- J1701 --- J1700.70 --- J1982 --- -Japan --- State and religion --- State, The --- Japan: Religion in general -- religion and state --- Japan: Religion in general -- policy, legislation, guidelines, codes of behavior --- Japan: Religion in general -- history -- Kindai (1850s- ), bakumatsu, Meiji, Taishō --- Japan: Religion -- Christianity -- history --- -Religion --- -history --- -History --- -Religious aspects --- -J1719 --- J1920 --- Japan: Religion -- Christianity -- general and history --- Religious aspects --- Nihon --- Nippon --- Iapōnia --- Zhāpān --- I︠A︡ponii︠a︡ --- Yapan --- Japon --- Japão --- Japam --- Mư̄ang Yīpun --- Prathēt Yīpun --- Yīpun --- Jih-pen --- Riben --- Government of Japan --- 日本 --- 日本国 --- Nipponkoku --- Nippon-koku --- Nihonkoku --- Nihon-koku --- State of Japan --- Япония --- Japani --- اليابان --- al-Yābān --- يابان --- Yābān --- Japonsko --- Giappone --- Japonia --- Japonya --- Jepun --- religious studies, faith, belief, asia, eastern world, east, asian, japanese, worship, holy, 1800s, america, american, colonization, war, wartime, warship, treaties, treaty, politics, political, western, freedom, intellectual, change, social, culture, cultural, oppression, hegemony, christian, christianity, buddhism, shinto, superstition, tolerance, confucianism, international, global, academic, scholarly, research. --- Yapon --- Yapon Ulus --- I︠A︡pon --- Япон --- I︠A︡pon Uls --- Япон Улс